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What is the best way to update cargo dependencies?
Cargo automatically updates dependencies when you run `cargo build` or `cargo run`, but it won't update installed binaries unless you explicitly instruct it to.
The `cargo update` command can be used to update installed binaries as well, ensuring your project has the latest bug fixes and security patches.
Cargo locks the commit versions of git dependencies in the `Cargo.lock` file when they are first added.
To update these git dependencies, you need to run `cargo update`.
The `cargo-edit` tool provides a convenient way to upgrade dependency versions directly in the `Cargo.toml` file, without having to manually edit the file.
Cargo's `version` key always implies that a package is available in a registry, regardless of whether a `git` or `path` key is also present.
When you run `cargo update`, Cargo will attempt to resolve any conflicts between the updated dependencies automatically.
The `cargo update` command has several optional flags, such as `-p` to update a specific package, or `--precise` to update to a specific version.
Cargo's dependency resolution algorithm is designed to be conservative, prioritizing stability over always using the newest versions of dependencies.
You can use environment variables like `CARGO_UPDATE_DOWNGRADE_CRITERION` to control how Cargo handles dependency downgrades during an update.
For dependencies referenced by Git URLs, Cargo will update to the latest commit on the specified branch or tag when you run `cargo update`.
Cargo's dependency management system is based on semantic versioning, allowing it to automatically upgrade patch and minor versions without requiring manual intervention.
The `cargo install` command is for installing binary crates to your system, not for updating project dependencies.
Use `cargo update` for that purpose.
Cargo provides detailed logs and error messages when there are conflicts or issues during a dependency update, helping you understand what's going on.
Some advanced Cargo users employ automation tools like `cargo-sweep` to periodically review and update all dependencies in their project.
The `cargo check` command can be a useful alternative to `cargo build` when you just want to verify that your dependencies are up-to-date and compatible.
Cargo's dependency resolution algorithm takes into account the overall consistency of the dependency graph, not just the latest versions of individual packages.
When updating dependencies, Cargo will prefer to use the same version across multiple dependencies if possible, to reduce the number of different versions in your project.
The `Cargo.lock` file serves as a record of the exact versions of dependencies used in your project, allowing you to reproduce the same environment on different machines.
Cargo's dependency management features are designed to balance the need for stability and the desire to use the latest versions of packages.
While `cargo update` is a powerful tool, it's generally recommended to do so judiciously and only when necessary, to avoid introducing unexpected changes in your project.
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